Search engines work by indexing pages. They basically scan the web using a “spider” tool
and create a huge index of what is out there. When you search, they choose the selection you see
from this index - often referred to as the surface web. But many pages are not visible to the spider
and so are hidden. This is what we mean by the Deep Web (this is different from the “Dark Web” which
is deliberately concealed content).
The deep web is 400 to 500 times larger than the surface internet according to some estimates (www.worldwidewebsize.com) which
means there
could be over 1,800 BILLION hidden items of content.
It makes sense then that the deep web is an excellent potential source of information for those doing
academic research and data mining.
What makes up the Deep Web?
- Private websites - such as VPN (Virtual Private networks) and sites
that
require passwords and logins.
- Contextual web pages - with content varying for different access
contexts
(e.g., ranges of client IP addresses or previous navigation sequence).
- Limited access content sites - these limit access in a technical way,
such
as using Captcha, Robots Exclusion Standard or no-cache HTTP headers, which prohibit search
engines from browsing them and creating cached copies.
- Unlinked content - without hyperlinks to other pages which prevents
web
crawlers from accessing information.
- Non html/Textual content - often encoded in image or video files or in
specific file formats not handled by search engines.
- Dynamic content - created for a single purpose and not part of a
larger
collection of items. These pages are returned in response to a submitted query or accessed
only
through a form, especially if open-domain input elements (such as text fields) are used;
such
fields are hard to navigate without domain knowledge.
- Scripted content - pages only accessible using Java Script, as well as
content downloaded using Flash and Ajax solutions.
- Software - certain content is intentionally hidden from the regular
Internet, accessible only with special software, such as Tor, I2P, or other darknet
software.
For example, Tor allows users to access websites using the .onion server address
anonymously,
hiding their IP address.
- Web archives - web archival services such as the Wayback Machine
enable
users to see archived versions of web pages across time, including websites which have
become
inaccessible, and are not indexed by search engines such as Google.
What is available for Academic Research?
There are many high-value collections to be found within the deep web. Some of the material found
there that most people would recognize and, potentially, find useful include:
- Academic studies and papers
- Blog platforms
- Pages created but not yet published
- Scientific research
- Academic and corporate databases
- Government publications
- Electronic books
- Bulletin boards
- Mailing lists
- Online card catalogues
- Directories
- Many subscription journals
- Archived videos
- Images
Searching the Deep Web
Don’t just accept Paywalls
If you find content that you think may be useful but it is behind a paywall, don’t just
assume
that you have to pay. A lot of content is published in multiple places and you may find that the
content is available in an open-access format elsewhere. The paywall options come up first
because
those earning from the paywall make the effort to get their site to come up better in search
engine
results.
A free extension for Google Chrome “Google
Chrome browser extension - Unpaywall searches the web for a FREE version of the
content
protected by the paywall.
Multidisciplinary Web Portals and Academic Search Services that give access to the Deep
Web.
Academic Index – a
scholarly academic search
engine accessing only websites previously selected by librarians, teachers and library and
educational consortia.
Archive.org – the Internet
Archive is
a San Francisco–based nonprofit digital library with the stated mission of "universal
access
to all knowledge." It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials,
including
websites, software applications/games, music, movies/videos, moving images, and nearly three
million
public-domain books. Its web archive, the Wayback Machine,
contains over 308
billion web captures. The Archive also oversees one of the world's largest book
digitization
projects.
ArchiveGrid - includes
over 5 million
records describing archival materials, bringing together information about historical documents,
personal papers, family histories, and more. With over 1,000 different archival institutions
represented, ArchiveGrid helps researchers looking for primary source materials held in
archives,
libraries, museums and historical societies.
Archives Hub - find
the best of what
Britain has to offer in the Archives Hub. You’ll be able to search archives from almost
300
institutions from England, Scotland, and Wales. Use the Archives Hub to find unique sources for
your
research. Search across descriptions of archives, including links to digital content, held at
institutions across the UK.
BASE - is one of the world’s
most voluminous
search engines especially for academic open access web resources. BASE provides more than 120
million documents from more than 6,000 sources. BASE is operated by Bielefeld University
Library,
Bielefeld, Germany.
Chabot
College - Chabot Librarians have created a custom search engine that only searches
quality websites.
Digital Library Of The Commons
Repository (DLC) -
is a gateway to the international literature on the commons. The DLC provides free and open
access
to full-text articles, papers, and dissertations. This site contains an author-submission
portal; an
Image Database; the Comprehensive Bibliography of the Commons; a Keyword Thesaurus, and links to
relevant reference sources on the study of the commons..
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
- a community-curated online directory that indexes and provides access to quality open access,
peer-reviewed journals. It is focused on providing access only to those journals that employ the
highest quality standards to guarantee content. They are presently a repository of 9,740
journals
with more than 1.5 million articles from 133 countries.
Education Resources
Information Center (ERIC) - is an online library of
education research and
information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of
Education.
FindArticles.com – has articles
from about 500
periodicals with coverage back to 1998, and is completely free of charge. Funded by CBS.
FOIA Data – search
the US Freedom of
Information data base.
Google Correlate -
Google’s search
tool will allow you to find searches that correlate with real-world data.
Google Scholar - is a freely
accessible web search
engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of
publishing
formats and disciplines.
iSEEK Education -
an excellent targeted
search engine, designed especially for students, teachers, administrators, and caregivers. Find
authoritative, intelligent, and time-saving resources in a safe, editor-reviewed environment
with
iSEEK.
GovInfo - provides free online access
to official
publications from all three branches of the US Federal Government.
Journal Seek - (Genamics)
promotes itself as “the
largest completely categorized database of freely available journal information available on the
internet,” with more than 100,000 titles currently. Categories range from Arts and
Literature,
through both hard- and soft-sciences, to Sports and Recreation.
JSTOR – (short for Journal
Storage) is a digital
library founded in 1995. Originally containing digitized back issues of academic journals, it
now
also includes books and primary sources, and current issues of journals. It provides full-text
searches of almost 2,000 journals.
LibGuides – LibGuides
resource searches the
knowledge from librarians at thousands of institutions worldwide, and is a valuable resource for
anyone doing research.
Library Genesis / LibGen - search engine for
scientific articles
and books on various topics which allows free access to content that is otherwise paywalled or
not
digitized elsewhere. Based in Russia, this is the largest and longest running currently openly
available collection. LibGen have several initiatives: i. over 1.5 million files of mainly
non-fiction ebooks, ii. an equivalent number of mainly fiction ebooks, iii. +20 million papers
from
journals of science, history, art etc., iv. comics, magazines and paintings; totally amounting
to at
least 100 TB -- easily the Library of Congress of the digital world.
Library of Congress – The library has
been digitizing all
items held in it. The library has been collecting documents and books for the last 200
years.
An excellent source for academic research.
Microsoft Academic Search - is
a free public web
search engine for academic publications and literature, developed by Microsoft Research.
Re-launched
in 2016, the tool features an entirely new data structure and search engine using semantic
search
technologies. It currently indexes over 375 million entities,170 million of which are academic
papers. The Academic Knowledge API offers information retrieval from the underlying database
using
REST endpoints for advanced research purposes.
OAIster - is a union catalog of
millions of records
that represent open access resources. Today, OAIster includes more than 50 million records that
represent digital resources from more than 2,000 contributors.
Open Access Journals Search Engine
(OAJSE) -
The Open Access Journals Search Engine (OAJSE) service covers free, full text, quality
controlled
journals. Aim to cover journals in all subjects that are published in English language. There
are
over 4,500 journals in the directory.
OpenDOAR - is an
authoritative directory of
academic open access repositories. Each OpenDOAR repository has been visited by project staff to
check the information that is recorded here. This in-depth approach does not rely on automated
analysis and gives a quality-controlled list of repositories.
Reference Repository -
is a
comprehensive resource for article and book references. It is a digital platform that holds
research
output and provides free, immediate and permanent access to research results for anyone to use,
download and distribute.
RefSeek - academic search engine for
students and
researchers. Locates relevant academic search results from web pages, books, encyclopaedias, and
journals.
The Internet Public Library - (ipl and
ipl2) is a non-profit,
student-run website at Drexel University. Students volunteer to act as librarians and respond to
questions from visitors. Categories of data include those directed to Children and Teens.
Smithsonian Institution Libraries —
20 libraries from
museum complexes around the world.
Smithsonian Institution Research Information
System - gives
access to the considerable resources of the Smithsonian Institution through the Research
Information
System, a great way to search more than 7.4 million records from the Smithsonian’s
museums,
archives, and libraries.
SpringerLink - providing
researchers with access to
millions of scientific documents from journals, books, series, protocols and reference works.
You
can also browse publications by collection and content type.
The Multidisciplinary Digital
Publishing Institute
- based in Switzerland, a publisher of more than 110 peer-reviewed, open access journals
covering arts, sciences, technology and medicine.
UC Santa Barbara Library - offers
access to a diverse
group of research databases useful to students, researchers and the casual searcher. It should
be
noted that many of these resources are password protected.
USA.gov - offers access to a huge volume
of information,
including all types of forms, databases, and information sites representing most government
agencies.
Virtual LRC - The Virtual Learning
Resources Center,
facilitates high school and community college students in their search for quality information
for
school and college academic projects. The Virtual LRC InfoBot searches excellent general
information
Web sites with just one search, including About.com, InfoSeek Web Guide, Librarians' Index to
the
Internet, Big Hub, Smithsonian, the LibrarySpot and an increasing number of university library
Internet subject guides.
Voice of the Shuttle - (VoS) offers
access to a diverse
assortment of sites, including literature, literary theory, philosophy, history and cultural
studies.
Wolfram|Alpha - is a unique
engine for
computing answers and providing knowledge. Using expert-level knowledge database, this search
engine
doesn’t just find links; it answers questions, does analysis, and generates reports. It
works
by using its vast store of knowledge and algorithms to automatically answer questions, do
analysis
and generate reports.
WorldCat - find items from 10,000
libraries worldwide,
with books, DVDs, CDs, and articles available. You can even find your closest library with
WorldCat’s
tools.
Websites that provide access to research
CIA
Factbook —
reference materials containing information on every country in the world.
DataBank –
A service from the
World Bank. DataBank is an analysis and visualisation tool that contains collections of time
series
data on a variety of topics. You can create your own queries; generate tables, charts, and maps;
and
easily save, embed, and share them.
Encyclopedia Britannica –
information can be
found using subjects or a search function. Current news is provided by The New York Times, the
BBC,
and SBS World News. Videos are available for viewing online. Timelines give interactive
breakdowns
of the history of subject areas. Data and statistics are available for every country. Maps are
provided. Quotations are available by the author or subject.
GPO’s Catalog of US Government
Publications —
USA Federal publications database. The CGP is the finding tool for federal publications that
includes descriptive information for historical and current publications as well as direct links
to
the full document, when available. Users can search by authoring agency, title, subject, and
general
keywords, or click on "Advanced Search" for more options.
National Security Archive –
declassified papers and such. Provide online access to critical declassified records on issues
including U.S. national security, foreign policy, diplomatic and military history, intelligence
policy, and more. Updated frequently.
Scholarpedia - a
peer-reviewed
open-access encyclopedia written and maintained by scholarly experts from around the world.
Scholarpedia is inspired by Wikipedia and aims to complement it by providing in-depth scholarly
treatment of topics within the fields of mathematics and sciences including physical,
biological,
behavioural, and social sciences.
The British Library Catalogues &
Collections -
explore the British Library catalogues, printed materials, digital collections, and even
collection
blogs for a wealth of resources.
The National Archives —
US National
Archives’ research tools and online database. This is a searchable database focusing on
America. This includes both historic information and current information.
Quotes.net - need the right quote?
Check out Quotes.net to
reference famous words from famous people.
UK Statistics Authority -
an independent,
non-ministerial department strives to promote and safeguard the production and publication of
official statistics that serve the public good.
Websites that provide access to digitized versions of books
Getty Research Institute –
the Getty
Research Institute collections include over 1 million books, periodicals, photos, and catalogs.
The institute also boasts a large collection of rare or unique items that largely focus of art
history and architecture.
Google Books – is a service
from Google Inc. that
searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using
optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database. Books are provided
either
by publishers and authors, through the Google Books Partner Program, or by Google's library
partners, through the Library Project. Additionally, Google has partnered with a number of
magazine
publishers to digitize their archives. All text is digitized (and searchable). Ability to
read
the results depends on the copyright license on that individual piece of text.
Hathi Trust –— a
partnership of major
research institutions and libraries working to ensure that the cultural record is preserved and
accessible long into the future. There are more than sixty partners in HathiTrust, and
membership is
open to institutions worldwide.
InTech - is a pioneer and world's
largest
multidisciplinary open access publisher of books covering the fields of Science, Technology and
Medicine. Claims to be the world's leading publisher of Open Access books Built by
scientists,
for scientists.
Open Library - find the world’s
classic literature,
open e-books, and other excellent open and free resources in the Open Library. You can even
contribute to the library with information, corrections to the catalog, and curated lists..
Project Gutenberg — offers
over 57,000 free
eBooks. Choose among free epub books, free kindle books, download them or read them online.
Scribd – Scribd is a digital
library, e-book and
audiobook subscription service that includes one million titles. Scribd hosts 60 million
documents
on its open publishing platform. The documents section allows users to upload almost
anything
with very few restrictions, therefore it has become a great repository for a very large amount
of
textbooks and other academic content.
The Online Books
Page —
is an index of e-text books available on the Internet. It is hosted by the library of the
University of Pennsylvania. The Online Books Page lists over 2 million books and has several
features, such as A Celebration of Women Writers and Banned Books Online.
Subject / discipline Specific Deep Web Resources
Art & Design
Artcyclopedia - Search to find
everything there is
to know about fine art, with 160,000 links, 9,000 artists listed, and 2,900 art sites indexed.
ArtNet - deals with pricing and
sourcing work in the art
market. They also keep track of the latest news and artists in the industry.
Musée du Louvre - the
renowned museum,
maintains a site filled with navigable sections covering its collections.
Public Art Online - a
resource detailing
sources, creators, prices, projects, legal issues, success stories, resources, education and all
other aspects of the creation of public art.
Smithsonian
Art Inventories
Catalog - a subset of the Smithsonian Institution Research Information System
(SIRIS).
A browsable database of over 400,000 art inventory items held in public and private collections.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art -
site hosts an
impressively interactive body of information on their collections, exhibitions, events and
research.
The National Gallery of Art -
premier
museum of arts also maintains a site detailing the highlights, exhibitions and education efforts
the
institution oversees.
Web Gallery of Art - is a searchable
database of European
art, containing nearly 34,000 reproductions. Additional database information includes artist
biographies, period music and commentaries.
Business
Better Business Bureau - (BBB) US
Information System
Search allows consumers to locate the details of ratings, consumer experience, governmental
action
and more of both BBB accredited and non-accredited businesses.
BPubs.com - the business publications
search engine. They
offer more than 200 free subscriptions to business and trade publications.
BusinessUSA - is an excellent and
complete database of
everything a new or experienced business owner or employer should know.
EDGAR: U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission -
contains a database of Securities and Exchange Commission. Posts copies of corporate filings
from US
businesses, press releases and public statements.
FRED – Up-to-date financial
data.
Download, graph, and track 508,000 US and international time series from 86 sources.
Provided by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. FRED links out to a number of other equally
impressive resources for economic data. It is an excellent primary resource for anyone
doing
research in the areas of finance and economic theory. (ALFRED
) - allows you to retrieve vintage versions of economic data that were available on
specific dates in history.
Global Edge - delivers a
comprehensive research tool
for academics, students and businesspeople to seek out answers to international business
questions.
Hoover’s - a subsidiary of Dun
& Bradstreet, is
one of the best known databases of American and International business. A complete source of
company
and industry information, especially useful for investors.
The National Bureau of Economic Research -
is perhaps the
leading private, non-partisan research organization dedicated to unbiased analysis of US
economic
policy. This database maintains archives of research data, meetings, activities, working papers
and
publications.
U.S. Department of Commerce - Bureau of
Economic Analysis is
the source of many of the economic statistics we hear in the news, including national income and
product accounts (NIPAs), gross domestic product, consumer spending, balance of payments and
much
more.
Law and Politics
Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI) Stats
& Services – organizes US crime statistics, criminal history checks, a
sex
offender registry, resources for businesses, communities, crime victims, law enforcement, job
seekers, researchers and students.
Global Legal Information Network —
laws, regulations,
judicial decisions, and other legal sources.
Homeland Security Digital Library -
(HSDL) maintains
databases, policy and strategy statements, special collections and research tools.
Law Library of Congress —Contains
the
world's largest collection of law books and legal resources, with strong foreign law and
comprehensive United States Legal publications.
LexisNexis –
is a corporation
providing computer-assisted legal research as well as business research and risk management
services. During the 1970s, LexisNexis pioneered the electronic accessibility of legal and
journalistic documents. As of 2006, the company has the world's largest electronic database for
legal and public-records related information. This is a paid for service.
National Criminal Justice Reference Service -
(NCJRS) is a
US federally funded resource offering extensive databases detailing issues of justice, substance
abuse, and victim assistance information to victims of crime, among other topics.
Political Information - a
search engine for
politics, policy, and political news with more than 5,000 carefully selected websites for
political
information.
Quandi - a collection of 9,000,000 of
financial, economic,
and social datasets. An excellent source for financial, economic, and alternative
datasets, serving investment professionals.
State
Legislative Websites Directory (US) - use this database to find information from
the
legislatures of all 50 U.S. states, DC, and the Territories. You can look up bills, statutes,
legislators, and more with this excellent tool.
Social Work Policy - The
Social Work Policy
Institute (US) examines issues that relate to the work of social workers, including how to serve
people who have multiple or complex needs and how public agencies and other structures deliver
health and human services.
U.S. Department of Justice Resources -
is a
comprehensive database for the Department of Justice, including archives, initiatives, news,
publications and resources.
Medical and Health
Bioline International - Search
Bioline International to
get access a variety of scientific journals. The search is managed by scientists and librarians
as a
collaborative initiative between Bioline Toronto and and the Reference Center on Environmental
Information. It is a great tool for students enrolled in both science and environmental
management
classes.
BioMed Central - is the
UK-based publisher of 258
peer-reviewed open access journals. Their published works span science, technology and medicine
and
include many well-regarded titles.
Globalhealthfacts.org –
is a project
of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, provides free, up-to-date and easy-to-access data by
country on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other key health and socio-economic indicators.
Global Health Facts is comprised of more than 100 indicators and provides users with the ability
to
map, rank, and download the data for custom analyses. This indexed database of world
health
information is searchable by disease type, country, conditions, symptoms, and more.
Cases Database - is a searchable
database of more
than 32,000 peer-reviewed medical case reports from 270 journals covering a variety of medical
conditions.
Center for Disease Control - (CDC)
WONDER’s online
databases permit access to the substantial public health data resources held by the CDC.
HCUPnet - is an online query system
for those seeking
access to statistical data from the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
National Center for Biotechnology
Information -
(NCBI) is an offshoot of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). This site provides access
to
some 65 databases from the various project categories currently being researched.
National Institute for
Health Research
Archive — database of ongoing or completed projects funded by the British
NHS.
New England Journal of Medicine –
is a weekly
medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. It is one of the leading medical
journals. There are complete text past issues available online. Some parts require payment
but
also much is available for free.
OMIM - offers access to the
combined research of
many decades into genetics and genetic disorders. With daily updates, it represents perhaps the
most
complete single database of this sort of data.
PubMed —is a free search
engine accessing
primarily the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical
topics.
PubMed comprises more than 28 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life
science
journals, and online books.
TOXNET - is the access portal to
the US Toxicology Data
Network, an offshoot of the National Library of Medicine.
U.S. National Library of Medicine -
is a database of
medical research, available grants, available resources. The site is maintained by the National
Institutes of Health.
Vadlo - is a life sciences search engine
offering protocols,
tools, and powerpoints for scientific research and discovery. Also has some great forums.
Wiley Open
Access - a
subsidiary of New Jersey-based global publishers John Wiley & Sons, Inc., publishes peer
reviewed open access journals specific to biological, chemical and health sciences.
World Health Organization - (WHO) is a
comprehensive site
covering the many initiatives the WHO is engaged in around the world.
Science and Technology
AGRIS -
(International Information
System for Agricultural Science and Technology) is a global, public domain database maintained
in
multiple languages by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. They provide
free
access to agricultural research and information.
Analytical Sciences Digital Library -
a great place to
find peer-reviewed, web-based educational resources in analytical sciences, featuring a variety
of
formats for techniques and applications.
arXiv e-Print Archive - Cornell University’s
arXiv.org
offers open access to a a repository of electronic preprints (known as e-prints) approved for
publication after moderation, that consists of scientific papers in the fields of mathematics,
physics, astronomy, computer science, quantitative biology, statistics, and quantitative
finance,
which can be accessed online. In many fields of mathematics and physics, almost all scientific
papers are self-archived on the arXiv repository.
Behavioral
Brain
Science Archive - this searchable archive has extensive psychology and brain
science
articles.
CERN Document Server - this
organization for nuclear
research serves up a great search and directory for experiments, archives, articles, books,
presentations, and so much more within their documents.
CiteSeerX - searchable
access to the Scientific
Research Digital Library by using the CiteSeerX website.
Copernicus Publications -
has been an
open-access scientific publisher in Germany since 2001. They are strong supporters of the
researchers who create these articles, providing top-level peer review and promotion for their
work.
De Gruyter Open - (formerly Versita)
is one of the
world’s leading publishers of open access scientific content. Today De Gruyter Open (DGO)
publishes about 600 own and third-party scholarly journals across all major disciplines.
Digital Library for Physics and
Astronomy– Physics and
Astronomy data engine for academic papers.
EDP Sciences - (Édition
Diffusion
Presse Sciences) is a France-based scientific publisher with an international mission. They
publish
more than 50 scientific journals, with some 60,000 published pages annually.
Elsevier
of Amsterdam -
is a world leader in advancing knowledge in the science, technology and health fields. They
publish
nearly 2,200 journals, including The Lancet and Cell, and over 25,000 book titles, including
Gray’s
Anatomy and Nelson’ s Pediatrics.
Hindawi Publishing Corporation - based
in Egypt, publishes
434 peer-reviewed, open access journals covering all areas of Science, Technology and Medicine,
as
well as a variety of Social Sciences.
IEEE Xplore Digital
Library –
contains over 1.4 million documents from the Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers.
Searchable database of up-to-date materials in relation to electrical engineering and technology
as
a whole.
Inspec -
over 17 million
abstracts and specialised indexing to quality research literature in physics and engineering.
NASA Historical
Archive -
explore the history of space in this historical archive from NASA, highlighting space history
and
manned missions.
National Agricultural Library - a
service of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, you can find global information for agriculture in the National
Agricultural Library.
National Science Digital Library - (NSDL) is
a source for
science, technology, engineering and mathematics educational data. It is funded by the US
National
Science Foundation.
Networked
Computer Science Technical
Reports Library (NCSTRL) - was developed as a collaborative effort between NASA
Langley, Virginia Tech, Old Dominion University and University of Virginia.
Open Science Directory -
contains about
13,000 scientific journals, with another 7,000 special programs titles.
Osti.gov – US Government website.
OSTI provides access
to energy, science, and technology information through publicly available web-based systems,
with
supporting tools and technologies to enable information search, retrieval and re-use.
ResearchGate - is a social
networking site for
scientists and researchers to share papers, ask and answer questions, and find collaborators.
According to a study by Nature and
an article in Times Higher
Education, it is the largest academic social network in terms of active users.
SciCentral - is a gateway to the
best sources in
science. This site has a literature search, journals, databases, and other great tools for
finding
what you need.
SciELO (Scientific Electronic
Library Online) -
is a bibliographic database, digital library, and cooperative electronic publishing model of
open
access journals. SciELO was created to meet the scientific communication needs of developing
countries and provides an efficient way to increase visibility and access to scientific
literature
Originally established in Brazil in 1997, today there are 14 countries in the SciELO network and
its
journal collections: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico,
Peru,
Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Paraguay is developing a journal
collection.
Science-advisor.net - is a
free
and open-source inspired online forum for scientific discussions addressed to researchers and
students.
ScienceHUβ - is a global science and
technology publisher
and provides free access to research articles and latest research information without any
barrier to
scientific community.
Science.gov — Science.gov is a
web portal and
specialized search engine. Using federated search technology, Science.gov serves as a gateway to
United States government scientific and technical information and research. Searches an database
of
200 million different publications and journals, great for people doing research on topics that
are
covered mainly under the “science” classification.
Science Research -
is a
free, publicly available deep web search engine that to use a sophisticated technology that
permits
queries to more than 300 science and technology sites simultaneously, with the results collated,
ranked and stripped of duplications.
SciSeek - in this excellent science
search engine and
directory, you can find the best of what the science web has to offer. Browse by category,
search by
keyword, and even add new sites to the listings.
Scopus - is the largest abstract and
citation database of
peer-reviewed literature: scientific journals, books and conference proceedings. Delivering a
comprehensive overview of the world's research output in the fields of science, technology,
medicine, social sciences, and arts and humanities, Scopus features smart tools to track,
analyze
and visualize research. Scopus offers free features to non-subscribed users, and is available
through Scopus Preview.
Springer Open - offers a
roster of more than
160 peer-reviewed, open access journals, as well as their more recent addition of free access
books,
covering all scientific disciplines.
Strategian - a great place to find
quality information
in all fields of science. Featured resources include free full-text books, patents, and reports,
as
well as full-text journal and magazine articles, plus a special collection of Vintage Biology
with
important articles and books in biology.
TechXtra - for technology, free
access to reports,
articles, key websites, books, the latest industry news, job announcements, ejournals, eprints,
technical reports, the latest research, thesis & dissertations and more. It serves as an
archive
for submitted scientific abstracts and other research products.
The Collection of Computer
Science
Bibliographies find more than 3 million references to journal articles, conference
papers, and technical reports in computer science with this bibliography collection..
The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System –
is an
online database of over eight million astronomy and physics papers from both peer reviewed and
non-peer reviewed sources. Abstracts are available free online for almost all articles, and full
scanned articles are available in (GIF) and (PDF) for older articles. It was developed by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and is managed by the Harvard–Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics.
WebCASPAR - provides
access to science and
engineering data from a variety of US educational institutions. It incorporates a table builder,
allowing a combined result from various National Science Foundation and National Center for
Education Statistics data sources.
World Wide Science.org - is a
global scientific
gateway, comprised of US and international scientific databases. Because it is multilingual, it
allows real-time search and translation of reporting from an extensive group of databases.
ZMATH Online Database - a MATH’s
online database that
has millions of entries from thousands of serials and journals dating back as far as 1826.
Social Sciences
Digital History - University
of Houston’s
Digital History database offers a wealth of links to textbook, primary sources, and educational
materials in digital history. The database has multimedia, an interactive timeline, active
learning,
and resources for teachers.
EconLit - visit EconLit to
access more than 120
years of economics literature from around the world in an easily searchable format. Find journal
articles, books, book reviews, articles, working papers, and dissertations, as well as historic
journal articles from 1886 to 1968.
Encyclopedia of Psychology -
search or browse the
Encyclopedia of Psychology to find basic information, and even translations for information
about
psychology careers, organizations, publications, people, and history
Ethnologue - search the languages
of the world with
Ethnologue, offering an encyclopedic reference of all the world’s known living languages.
You’ll
also be able to find more than 28,000 citations in the Ethnologue’s language research
bibliography.
Internet Ancient
History Sourcebook -
a great place to study human origins, with full text and search on topics including Mesopotamia,
Rome, the Hellenistic world, Late Antiquity, and Christian origins.
Internet Modern
History Sourcebook -
find thousands of sources in modern history. Browse and search to find full texts, multimedia,
and
more.
Literary Encyclopedia - a great
source of reference
materials in literature, history, and culture.
Fold3 - features premier collections of
original military
records. These records include the stories, photos, and personal documents of the men and women
who
served in the military. Many of the records come from the U.S. National archives, The National
Archives of the U.K. and other international records.
National Bureau of Economic Research -
on this site, you can
learn about and find access to great resources in economic research.
The
Women's Library - The Women's Library @ LSE is England's main library and museum
resource on women and the women's movement, concentrating on Britain in the 19th and 20th
centuries.
Psycline - find a journal with
Psycline’s journal
and article locator, a tool that offers access to more than 2,000 psychology and social science
journals online.
RePEc (Research Papers in Economics) - is a
collaborative effort
of hundreds of volunteers in 99 countries to enhance the dissemination of research in Economics
and
related sciences. The heart of the project is a decentralized bibliographic database of working
papers, journal articles, books, books chapters and software components, all maintained by
volunteers. The collected data are then used in various services that serve the collected
metadata
to users or enhance it.
Social Science Research Network - in
this research
network, you can find a wide variety of social science research from a number of specialized
networks including cognitive science, leadership, management, and social insurance.
SocioSite - use this site from the
University of
Amsterdam to browse sociological subjects including activism, culture, peace, and racism.
The SocioWeb - an independent guide
to Sociological
Resources on the internet. Use this guide to find all of the sociological resources you’ll
need on the internet. The SocioWeb offers links to articles, essays, journals, blogs, and even a
marketplace.
Virtual Library Labour History -
maintained by the
International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, this library offers historians excellent
content for learning about economics, business, and more.
Video & Audio Resources
LibreVox.org – Huge selection of
audio recordings and
AudioBooks read by volunteer voice artists.
VideoLectures.net – The
world's biggest academic
online video repository with 14,251 video lectures delivered by 10,763 presenters.